Federal Pacific Electric Panels
Potentially Could Fail to Provide Proper Safety and Protection for Homes
Federal Pacific Electric Company (FPE) was one of the most common manufacturers of circuit breaker panels in North America from the 1950s to the 1980s. Millions of their panels were installed in homes across the country. Yet, as the years passed, electricians and home inspectors often found Federal Pacific Electric panels failed to provide proper protection to homeowners and their families. Experts now say that FPE panels can appear to work fine for years, but after one overcurrent or short circuit, they can overheat and become fire hazards.
In a class action lawsuit, a New Jersey State Court ruled that the Federal Pacific Electric (FPE) Company “violated the Consumer Fraud Act because FPE knowingly and purposefully distributed circuit breakers which were not tested to meet UL standards…” An expert who investigated the potential hazards of Federal Pacific Electric panels stated under UL 489 test conditions, that FPE panels fail to trip at a much higher rate than standard panels.
When a breaker fails to trip, an extreme amount of power from the outside electrical supply surges into a home’s panel and circuits. Once that happens, it cannot be stopped or shut off manually. Electricity will burn until it runs out of fuel or the wires melt. The panel could overheat and catch fire, causing serious harm to a home and its occupants. Many Federal Pacific Electric panels and breakers can operate properly for years. But if and when they do malfunction, a disaster could occur.
Why Do Federal Pacific Electric Panels Malfunction?
Experts Have Identified Three Major Reasons
Experts report that Federal Pacific Electric (FPE) circuit breaker panels may have three major faults that could pose a danger:
- Federal Pacific Electric panels may not meet today’s updated safety codes.
Federal Pacific Electric panels were produced from the mid-1950s well into the 1980s. Experts say that FPE panels produced during that time frame would not conform to today’s updated safety codes and would no longer be allowed to be sold to the general public. Safety standards that were once acceptable years ago are no longer considered safe. Some of the examples cited by experts as to why FPE panels would not pass today’s updated safety codes are:
- Wires may be crowded inside the panel box.
- Bus bars may be spring-mounted.
- Breakers may be still active when in the down position.
- Split-bus breakers may no longer meet updated safety codes.
- Federal Pacific Electric panels may have significant design flaws.
Experts report that the identified design flaws in FPE panels are not shared with other panels of similar age. Specifically, examples of design flaws in Federal Pacific Electric panels include:
- Breakers may unexpectedly trip when the deadfront cover is removed.
- Breakers may have loose connections to the bus bars.
- Breakers are often jammed within their sockets, which can cause overcrowding within the panel.
- Breakers can easily split when placed into sockets.
- Federal Pacific Electric panels may have manufacturing defects.
Using UL 289 test conditions, the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) found that Federal Pacific Electric panels may be unfit for homes. The materials used to construct the breakers may be weak. As a result, the breakers may not trip, and the panel could be susceptible to catching on fire.